Model Identification Through Ordinary Drives

    Ten parameters of the half-car models are identified without the hump calibration. The output-only method require only vehicle responses of ordinary drives, enabling truly-easy, inexpensive, yet effective road condition monitoring through smartphone measurement and automatic data processing. The algorithm can compensate for differences among vehicles with different drive speeds automatically and estimate profiles accurately. When the vehicle conditions (i.e. weight and suspension characteristics) change, the vehicle parameters are automatically updated.